Fwd: Monitoring of early response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer with (1)H MR spectroscopy: Comparison to sequential 2-[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.

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Date: Fri, Aug 1, 2008 at 4:32 PM
Subject: Monitoring of early response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer with (1)H MR spectroscopy: Comparison to sequential 2-[18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography.
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[1]J Magn Reson Imaging. 2008 Jul 29; 28(2): 420-427
Tozaki M, Sakamoto M, Oyama Y, O'uchi T, Kawano N, Suzuki T, Yamashiro N, Ozaki S, Sakamoto N, Higa K, Abe S, Ogawa T, Fukuma E

PURPOSE: To assess the efficacy of (1)H MR spectroscopy (MRS) to evaluate early responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients, as compared to that of the standardized uptake value (SUV) in (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study included seven patients with breast cancer who had both single-voxel (1)H MRS and PET/computed tomography (CT) acquired before, during, and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. RESULTS: The averages of the Choline (Cho) integral value and peak SUV before chemotherapy were 2.5 (range, 1.2-5.3) and 7.5 (range, 1.9-19), respectively. Three cases became negative for both Cho and peak SUV after two cycles of chemotherapy, and one patient became negative before surgery. In the remaining three patients, the curves of both values paralleled the time course of chemotherapy treatment. The difference between Cho and peak SUV before, during, and after chemotherapy was r = 0.65 (P = 0.12), r = 0.80 (P = 0.03), and r = 0.99 (P

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Fwd: Hip bone density predicts breast cancer risk independently of Gail score: results From the Women's Health Initiative.

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Date: Fri, Aug 1, 2008 at 4:32 PM
Subject: Hip bone density predicts breast cancer risk independently of Gail score: results From the Women's Health Initiative.
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[1]Cancer. 2008 Jul 29;
Chen Z, Arendell L, Aickin M, Cauley J, Lewis CE, Chlebowski R

BACKGROUND.: The Gail model has been commonly used to estimate a woman's risk of breast cancer within a certain time period. High bone mineral density (BMD) is also a significant risk factor for breast cancer, but it appears to play no role in the Gail model. The objective of the current study was to investigate whether hip BMD predicts postmenopausal breast cancer risk independently of the Gail score. METHODS.: In this prospective study, 9941 postmenopausal women who had a baseline hip BMD and Gail score from the Women's Health Initiative were included in the analysis. Their average age was 63.0 +/- 7.4 years at baseline. RESULTS.: After an average of 8.43 years of follow-up, 327 incident breast cancer cases were reported and adjudicated. In a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model, the hazards ratios (95% confidence interval [95% CI]) for incident breast cancer were 1.35 (95% CI, 1.05-1.73) for high Gail score (>/=1.67%) and 1.25 (95% CI, 1.11-1.40) for each unit of increase in the total hip BMD T-score. Restricting the analysis to women with both BMD and a Gail score above the median, a sharp increase in incident breast cancer for women with the highest BMD and Gail scores was found (P

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Fwd: Complete second look operation and radiotherapy in locally advanced non-alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in children: A report from the AIEOP soft tissue sarcoma committee.

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Date: Fri, Aug 1, 2008 at 4:32 PM
Subject: Complete second look operation and radiotherapy in locally advanced non-alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma in children: A report from the AIEOP soft tissue sarcoma committee.
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[1]Pediatr Blood Cancer. 2008 Jul 30;
Cecchetto G, Carretto E, Bisogno G, Dall'igna P, Ferrari A, Scarzello G, Donfrancesco A, Alaggio R, Indolfi P, Carli M

BACKGROUND: To evaluate the effect of radiotherapy (RT) in association with complete second look operation, histologically confirmed, on outcome of patients with IRS Gr.III non-alveolar RMS. PROCEDURE: We analyzed data from 39 patients (age: 0.5-194 months, median 52) who were enrolled between 1988 and 2005 in 2 consecutive Italian Studies, RMS 88 and RMS 96. All achieved a complete resection of the residual tumor after neoadjuvant chemotherapy; 27 did not receive any other local treatment: pelvic 8, extremities 6, head-neck-non-parameningeal 5, orbit 1, genito-urinary-bladder-prostate 3, trunk 2, abdomen 1, vagina 1; 12 were given RT (32-45 Gy), 5 before and 7 after the operation: genito-urinary-bladder-prostate 3, pelvic 3, abdominal 1, extremities 1, head-neck-parameningeal 1, head-neck-non-parameningeal 1, vagina 1, orbit 1. All received postoperative chemotherapy. RESULTS: Median follow-up was 81 months (range 17-219 months). With RT: 10/12 patients are in first complete remission; 2/12 had a metastatic relapse (1 also local relapse), and both of them died of disease. Without RT: 16/27 maintained the first complete remission, however 1/16 died due to a second tumor; 8 suffered from local relapse (4 pelvic, 1 orbit, 1 vagina, 1 head-neck-non-parameningeal, 1 abdomen) and 3 of them died, 3 showed a metastatic recurrence (2 extremities, 1 pelvic) and 1 died. CONCLUSIONS: Local relapses were more frequent for patients without RT, especially in pelvic sites. The two relapses after RT occurred in huge bladder-prostate RMS. Although the limited number of patients does not allow statistically significant conclusions, our experience suggests that RT may have a positive influence on local control for completely resected non-alveolar RMS. Pediatr Blood Cancer (c) 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc.



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Fwd: Changes in subcellular localisation of MI-ER1alpha, a novel oestrogen receptor-alpha interacting protein, is associated with breast cancer progression.

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From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Fri, Aug 1, 2008 at 4:32 PM
Subject: Changes in subcellular localisation of MI-ER1alpha, a novel oestrogen receptor-alpha interacting protein, is associated with breast cancer progression.
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[1]Br J Cancer. 2008 Jul 29;
McCarthy PL, Mercer FC, Savicky MW, Carter BA, Paterno GD, Gillespie LL

The oestrogen receptor-alpha (ERalpha) plays a key role in breast development and tumorigenesis and inhibiting its activity remains a prime strategy in the treatment of ERalpha-positive breast cancers. Thus, elucidation of the molecular mechanisms responsible for regulating ERalpha activity may facilitate the design of new, more effective breast cancer therapies. The MI-ER1alpha is a novel transcriptional repressor that contains an LXXLL motif for interaction with nuclear hormone receptors. We investigated the ability of MI-ER1alpha to bind to ERalpha in HEK293 and MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells, using co-immunoprecipitation assays. In both cell lines, MI-ER1alpha interacted with ERalpha in the presence and absence of oestrogen, but the interaction was stronger in the absence of ligand. Functional analysis revealed that overexpression of MI-ER1alpha in T47D breast carcinoma cells results in inhibition of oestrogen-stimulated anchorage-independent growth, suggesting that MI-ER1alpha may play a role in regulating breast carcinoma cell proliferation in vivo. To explore this further, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of normal breast tissue and breast carcinoma; a total of 110 cases were examined in whole tissue sections and 771 cases were analysed in tissue microarrays. No consistent difference in the MI-ER1alpha expression level between normal breast tissue and breast carcinoma was discernible. However, there was a dramatic shift in the subcellular localisation: nuclear MI-ER1alpha was detectable in 75% of normal breast samples and in 77% of hyperplasia, but in breast carcinoma, only 51% of DCIS, 25% of ILC and 4% of IDC contained nuclear staining. This shift from nuclear to cytoplasmic localisation of MI-ER1alpha during breast cancer progression suggests that loss of nuclear MI-ER1alpha might contribute to the development of invasive breast carcinoma.British Journal of Cancer advance online publication, 29 July 2008; doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6604518 www.bjcancer.com.



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Fwd: Technical limits of comparison of step-sectioning, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR on breast cancer sentinel nodes: a study on methacarn fixed tissue.

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From: HubMed - breast cancer <rssfwd@rssfwd.com>
Date: Sun, Aug 3, 2008 at 8:08 AM
Subject: Technical limits of comparison of step-sectioning, immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR on breast cancer sentinel nodes: a study on methacarn fixed tissue.
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[1]J Cell Mol Med. 2008 Jul 30;
Daniele L, Annaratone L, Allia E, Mariani S, Armando E, Bosco M, Macrì L, Cassoni P, D'Armento G, Bussolati G, Cserni G, Sapino A

The optimal pathological assessment of sentinel nodes (SLNs) in breast cancer is a matter of debate. Currently, multilevel histological evaluation and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are recommended, but alternative RT-PCR procedures have been developed. To assess the reliability of these different procedures, we devised a step-sectioning protocol at 100 micron-intervals of 74 SLNs using methacarn fixation. mRNA was extracted from sections collected from levels 4 to 5. Mammaglobin, CEA and CK19 were used for RT-PCR. mRNA extraction was successful in 69 SLNs. Of these, 7 showed macrometastases (>2mm), 2 showed micrometastases (

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Fwd: An overview of the role of prophylactic surgery in the management of individuals with a hereditary cancer predisposition.

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Date: Sun, Aug 3, 2008 at 8:08 AM
Subject: An overview of the role of prophylactic surgery in the management of individuals with a hereditary cancer predisposition.
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[1]Surg Clin North Am. 2008 Aug; 88(4): 739-58
Oseni T, Jatoi I

Genetic testing for cancer susceptibility has been implemented widely in recent years, with the hope that it eventually will lead to a reduction in cancer-related mortality. Asymptomatic individuals who have a genetic predisposition for cancer can be identified, and many may benefit from early intervention. Not all of these individuals will develop cancer, however, and the penetrance varies among individuals with different mutations. Surveillance, chemoprevention, and prophylactic surgery are accepted options for managing individuals who have a genetic predisposition for cancer. Yet, there are no randomized prospective trials that have assessed the impact of these interventions specifically in mutation carriers. The decision to undergo prophylactic surgery therefore should be made after all other management options are considered, and the patient is informed of the potential risks and benefits of surgery. This article provides an overview of the role of prophylactic surgery for managing patients who have a genetic predisposition for cancer. It specifically discusses the potential role of surgery in preventing breast, colon, thyroid, and gastric cancers. Additionally, it discusses the types of prophylactic surgical procedures that are performed commonly, and their expanding role in cancer prevention.



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